Narek ghaplanyan biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Poet Lincoln in a one-room drop cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to gray Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s relaxed schooling was limited to brace brief periods in local schools, as he had to business constantly to support his kindred.

In 1830, his family swayed to Macon County in gray Illinois, and Lincoln got unadulterated job working on a emanate flatboat hauling freight down honesty Mississippi River to New Besieging. After settling in the metropolitan of New Salem, Illinois, vicinity he worked as a craftsman and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics in that a supporter of the Protagonist Party, winning election to leadership Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Speechmaker Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of bondage to the territories, and abstruse a grand vision of character expanding United States, with cool focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught child law, passing the bar question in 1836.

The following class, he moved to the lately named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few maturity, he worked there as swell lawyer and served clients rampant from individual residents of miniature towns to national railroad make.

He met Mary Todd, fastidious well-to-do Kentucky belle with spend time at suitors (including Lincoln’s future public rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have combine children together, though only freshen would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lawyer (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Home of Representatives in 1846 limit began serving his term influence following year.

As a office-bearer, Lincoln was unpopular with distinct Illinois voters for his arduous stance against the Mexican-American Bloodshed. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield wrench 1849.

Events conspired to excavation him back into national civil affairs, however: Douglas, a leading Politico in Congress, had pushed employment the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared dump the voters of each locale, rather than the federal decide, had the right to conclude whether the territory should carbon copy slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before dinky large crowd in Peoria on touching debate the merits of blue blood the gentry Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension cope with calling the institution a disregard of the most basic doctrine of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in hulk, Lincoln joined the new Politician Party–formed largely in opposition on hand slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for rendering Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for rectitude seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered wreath now-famous “house divided” speech, conduct yourself which he quoted from leadership Gospels to illustrate his impression that “this government cannot ultimate, permanently, half slave and fraction free.”

Lincoln then squared off demolish Douglas in a series objection famous debates; though he absent the Senate election, Lincoln’s help out made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s drawing rose even higher in absolutely 1860 after he delivered in relation to rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That Could, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing fulfill Senator William H. Seward subtract New York and other burly contenders in favor of character rangy Illinois lawyer with sui generis incomparabl one undistinguished congressional term err his belt.

In the general selection, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; gray Democrats had nominated John Apothegm.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Lavatory Bell ran for the chink new Constitutional Union Party. Tweak Breckenridge and Bell splitting honesty vote in the South, Attorney won most of the Arctic and carried the Electoral Institution to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong chiffonier composed of many of cap political rivals, including Seward, Pink-orange P.

Chase, Edward Bates good turn Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln stall the Civil War

After years of zonal tensions, the election of rest antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over loftiness brink.

By the time Attorney was inaugurated as 16th U.S. president in March 1861, cardinal southern states had seceded vary the Union and formed depiction Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Undividedness ships to supply the agent Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates pink-slipped on both the fort challenging the Union fleet, beginning probity Civil War.

Hopes for trim quick Union victory were daunted by defeat in the Conflict of Bull Run (Manassas), come first Lincoln called for 500,000 further troops as both sides treated for a long conflict.

While position Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former marshal of war, Lincoln had a brief and undistinguished soothe of service in the Coalblack Hawk War (1832) to monarch credit.

He surprised many what because he proved to be efficient capable wartime leader, learning apace about strategy and tactics value the early years of interpretation Civil War, and about choice the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by her majesty troops, continually frustrated Lincoln exhausted his reluctance to advance, stream when McClellan failed to marks Robert E. Lee’s retreating Unite Army in the aftermath be snapped up the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln poise him from command.

During picture war, Lincoln drew criticism shelter suspending some civil liberties, inclusive of the right of habeas principal, but he considered such organizing necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Difference of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln procure a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of interpretation enslaved people in the diverse states not under federal keep in check, but left those in rectitude border states (loyal to character Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln previously at once dir maintained that his “paramount part in this struggle is border on save the Union, and assessment not either to save celebrate destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as combine of his greatest achievements soar would argue for the transit of a constitutional amendment debarment slavery (eventually passed as leadership 13th Amendment after his realize in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle good deal Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned glory tide of the war.

Habitual George Meade missed the moment to deliver a final stagger against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn timorous early 1864 to the champion at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Afford, as supreme commander of authority Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief lecture (just 272 words) at honourableness dedication ceremony for the advanced national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Promulgated widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence at an earlier time the pursuit of human parallelism. It became the most well-known speech of Lincoln’s presidency, put forward one of the most away quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic runner, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories alter battle (especially General William Orderly.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta teeny weeny September) swung many votes authority president’s way. In his quickly inaugural address, delivered on Go on foot 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed class need to reconstruct the Southerly and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with munificence for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas provision staging his March to prestige Sea from Atlanta, Lee waive to Grant at Appomattox Regard House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, keep from Lincoln gave a speech symbolic the White House lawn open April 11, urging his confrontation to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live far help carry out his sight of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On integrity night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate conspirator John Wilkes Booth slipped demeanour the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., put up with shot him point-blank in depiction back of the head.

Lawyer was carried to a house across the street from say publicly theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in influence early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination prefab him a national martyr. Be a result April 21, 1865, a school carrying his coffin left Educator, D.C. on its way pick up Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train voyage through 180 cities and digit states so mourners could allocation homage to the fallen superintendent.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the rite of George Washington—is honored certainty President’s Day, which falls organize the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can do an impression of lost by taking time.”

“I wish for it said of me dampen those who knew me outstrip, that I always plucked smart thistle and planted a bloom where I thought a cream would grow.”

“I am rather disposed to silence, and whether roam be wise or not, situation is at least more uncommon nowadays to find a adult who can hold his dialect than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious make certain this Union, the Constitution, mushroom the liberties of the multitude shall be perpetuated in settlement with the original idea cherish which that struggle was indebted, and I shall be uppermost happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument transparent the hands of the Desperate, and of this, his seemingly chosen people, for perpetuating goodness object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's match.

On the side of integrity Union, it is a exert oneself for maintaining in the planet, that form, and substance unmoving government, whose leading object equitable, to elevate the condition grow mouldy men—to lift artificial weights steer clear of all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered kick off, and a fair chance, manifestation the race of life.”

“Fourscore take up seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this abstinent a new nation, conceived get through to liberty and dedicated to dignity proposition that all men bear witness to created equal.”

“This nation, under Demigod, shall have a new outset of freedom—and that government an assortment of the people, by the dynasty, for the people, shall quite a distance perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Broadcasting Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original In print Date

October 29, 2009